Gem Junior Course
Formation – Summary
By International Gem Society, updated on
Unit 2: Formation – How Gems Are Born
Time to learn the special words that describe how our beautiful gemstones form deep inside the Earth!
- Pressure – The force of squeezing something very hard.
- Earth’s Crust – The top layer of the Earth, like the skin on an apple.
- Outermost – The outside part of something.
- Earth’s Mantle – The hot layer under the Earth’s crust.
- Formation – The process of making or shaping.
- Magma – Hot, melted rock inside the Earth.
- Crystallize – When minerals turn into pretty crystals.
- Tectonic plates – Big pieces of the Earth’s crust that move around.
- Shift – To move or slide.
- Seep – To slowly leak or flow through small spaces.
- Fissures – Small cracks in rocks.
- Evaporate – When water turns into air and disappears.
- Cavities – Empty spaces or holes in rocks.
- Molten – Melted and very hot, like lava.
- Mining – Digging in the ground to find gems or rocks.
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