fei cui - "Resurrection"fei cui - "Resurrection"

Broken Bangle — The Blunder-Besmirched History of Jade Nomenclature: Book Review


Is fei cui a better term for "pyroxene jade" than jadeite? Jeffery Bergman reviews Broken Bangle, a new book on the history of jade names.

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HomeLearning CenterGemologyAdvanced Gemology TopicsBroken Bangle — The Blunder-Besmirched History of Jade Nomenclature: Book Review
The foundation of all communication is mutually agreed-upon definitions. Richard W. Hughes, Kaylan Khourie, Liu Shang-i, and Zhou Zhengyu have co-authored Broken Bangle — The Blunder-Besmirched History of Jade Nomenclature as a call to the world gemological community to replace the term "jadeite" with fei cui. This team of world-renowned jade experts draws upon China's historic love affair with all things jade — including jadeite, nephrite, and several other materials traditionally categorized as jade — and presents a rational and practical case for using the term fei cui.

The Traditional Gemological Definition of Jade

To call jade a complex subject would be a gross understatement. Case in point, imagine my bewilderment when I visited the Shanghai Natural History Museum and found turquoise in a showcase labeled jade! Given the history of jade goes back more than 10,000 years before the advent of modern gemological classification, this should have come as no surprise.

Traditionally, jade has been divided into nephrite or "amphibole jade" and jadeite or "pyroxene jade." The authors propose that gemologists call "pyroxene jade" fei cui rather than jadeite.

Broken Bangle review - chalchihuitl ornament, Honduras
Chalchihuitl was an Aztec word for a valuable greenish stone. The Spanish conquerors of the New World believed this was turquoise. However, the term may have referred to jadeite or "pyroxene jade," which occurred in Central America. Mayan chalchihuitl head ornament (7.7 x 3.8 cm) from the Copan archaeological site in western Honduras (ca. 600-900 CE). Carving and photo: Cleveland Museum of Art.

What is Fei Cui ?

Fei cui can consist of three closely related pyroxene minerals: jadeite, kosmochlor, and omphacite. As the authors write:

In recent years, it was also discovered that some intense to vivid green fei cui specimens formerly thought to be pure jadeite are, in fact, inter-growths of jadeite, omphacite, and/or kosmochlor.

Hence, there is a need to reconsider jadeite as fei cui.

fei cui with omphacite, kosmochlor, and jadeite
Backscattered electron (BSE) image of a fei cui sample composed of inter-growths of omphacite, kosmochlor, and jadeite. (Size of gem: 12.3 × 10.1 × 3.6 mm). Specimen, photo, and imaging: Liu Shang-i.

Broken Bangle Photos

Broken Bangle is resplendent with stunning photos of fei cui, ranging from carved Mayan ornaments over 1,000 years old to exquisite contemporary fei cui sculptures by the Chinese Master Qingfang Zhuang. Whether you are a hardcore gemologist or just a garden-variety jade lover, Broken Bangle — The Blunder-Besmirched History of Jade Nomenclature is the book for you. Buy it, read it yourself, and give it away. I enthusiastically give Broken Bangle two thumbs up!

Broken Bangle — The Blunder-Besmirched History of Jade Nomenclature can be purchased at Lotus Gemology

fei cui -
Resurrection by Master Qingfang Zhuang. (Burmese fei cui, 306.65 ct; 58 × 71.2 × 11 mm). The lotus flower is a Buddhist symbol of purity and perfection, growing like a jewel out of murky water yet remaining uncontaminated. In the same way, Buddha is born into this world yet remains above it. Photo: Zhuangjia.

Jeffery Bergman, SSEF SGC

Jeffery Bergman, SSEF SGC, founder and director of 8th Dimension Gems in Thailand, is an American gem dealer with more than 40 years of experience in gemstone and fine jewelry mining, cutting, wholesaling and retailing. His career has taken him to more than 50 countries and every continent except Antarctica. He has appeared on the BBC, CNN, NBC, ABC and GEO; and has been featured in Time, USA Today, National Geographic, Gems & Gemology and Discovery Channel magazine. He is a regular guest speaker at gem lab seminars and gemological association conferences and universities.

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